Shoulder injuries can interfere with nearly every part of your day, from reaching overhead to sleeping comfortably at night. If your shoulder feels unstable, weak, or painful with movement, a labral tear may be the reason. This injury affects the labrum, the soft tissue ring that helps keep your upper arm bone securely within the shoulder socket. When symptoms persist despite non-surgical care, shoulder labral tear surgery may be the most effective solution for long-term relief and joint stability.
To help you better understand this procedure, the Michigan Orthopedic Center team wants to answer some commonly asked questions. That way, you can better decide if it’s the right option for you.
Answering Your Questions About Shoulder Labral Tear Surgery
What is a labral tear?
The labrum is a ring of cartilage that lines the edge of the shoulder socket. It acts as a bumper that deepens the socket and supports shoulder stability. A labral tear means that part of this tissue has detached or become damaged, often due to injury, dislocation, or repetitive overhead movement.
In some cases, rest and physical therapy are enough to reduce pain and improve strength. However, we generally recommend surgery if the tear is large, causes repeated instability, or fails to heal with conservative treatment. Repairing the torn labrum restores shoulder mechanics and helps prevent future dislocations, especially in athletes or active individuals.
How do I know if I need shoulder labral tear surgery?
Not every labral tear requires surgery. At Michigan Orthopedic Center, we help patients make informed decisions by combining advanced imaging, physical exam findings, and personal goals. We might recommend surgery in the following circumstances:
- Persistent pain that interferes with daily activities
- Frequent shoulder dislocations or feelings of “giving out”
- A confirmed labral tear on MRI
- No improvement after several weeks of physical therapy
Some patients, particularly young athletes or those in high-demand jobs, may be more likely to need surgical repair to return to full function and prevent repeat injuries.
What happens during labral tear surgery?
Shoulder labral tear surgery is typically performed using arthroscopy. This minimally invasive approach involves inserting a small camera and surgical tools through tiny incisions around the shoulder joint.
The surgeon first inspects the joint to confirm the location and severity of the tear. Then, small anchors are inserted into the bone to reattach the torn labrum using durable sutures. This holds the labrum in place while it heals naturally. In some cases, if the damage is severe, the surgeon may remove frayed tissue or perform a stabilization procedure.
The procedure usually takes one to two hours and is performed under general anesthesia. Most patients go home the same day with their arm supported in a sling.
Will I need physical therapy after surgery?
Yes. Physical therapy is a critical part of the recovery process following shoulder labral tear surgery. Surgery repairs the structure, but therapy helps restore mobility, strength, and control.
Rehabilitation typically begins within the first week after surgery. Early stages focus on gentle, passive motion to prevent stiffness while protecting the repair. As healing progresses, your therapist will guide you through a structured program that includes range-of-motion exercises, gradual strengthening, and functional movement.
At Michigan Orthopedic Center, we take a collaborative approach, connecting patients with skilled physical therapists and orthopedic specialists. This coordination helps patients progress safely and confidently through each stage of recovery.
Are there risks or complications?
As with any surgical procedure, labral tear surgery carries some risks. These may include:
- Infection or bleeding (rare with arthroscopy)
- Shoulder stiffness or limited range of motion
- Re-tear of the labrum, especially if rehab is not followed properly
- Nerve irritation or scar tissue formation
However, most patients recover well with proper surgical care and adherence to their rehabilitation plan. Following your surgeon’s instructions and attending all physical therapy appointments significantly improves your outcome.
Talk to the Experts at Michigan Orthopedic Center To Learn More
If your shoulder feels unstable, painful, or weak, you don’t have to manage it alone. Our team specializes in diagnosing and treating shoulder injuries with personalized care and advanced surgical options.
Contact us today to schedule a consultation. We’ll help you understand your condition, explore your treatment options, and plan the right path forward for lasting recovery.
